Idgham

The definition of the term Idgham in Tajweed knowledge means joining a non-vowel letter with a vowel letter in a way that the two letters become as one sound in pronunciation. 

In Other words, Idgham refers to the merging or assimilation of certain letters when transitioning from one letter to another in specific circumstances. This joining or merging between the letters is done to facilitate smoother and more seamless recitation.

Idgham happens when specific Arabic letters come after An-noon Sakinah or At-Nanween. In more detailed words: Idgham occurs when a nasal sound (or Mudgham letter) is followed by a non-nasal sound (a “ghayr mudgham” letter) within the same word or at the end of one word and the beginning of the next. 

With Idgham, Instead of pronouncing both letters distinctly, the nasal sound is assimilated or merged into the following non-nasal sound.

In Tajweed knowledge, there are four rulings for what is going to happen in case if a letter comes after the letter noon (ن) which is called An-noon As-saknhah or  At-Tanween.

This essay entirely concentrates on Idgham and how to be pronounced proficiently. To gain more information about the rule of Idgham in Tajweed and its different kinds in detail, keep reading this essay.

Let’s see 2 examples from the holy Quran:

• جَنَّاتٍ تَجْرِي “Jannatin tajri” Surah Al-Baqarah (2:25)

The Tanween on “Jannatin” merges with the Ta (ت), creating an Idgham.

• رِيَاحًا مُبَشِّرَاتٍ “Riyahan mubashshiratin” Surah Al-A’raf (7:57)

The Tanween on “mubashshiratin” merges with the Mim (م) creating an Idgham.